Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a group of symptoms that many women experience before their period. These symptoms can be physical, emotional, or behavioral. PMS symptoms often appear one to two weeks before menstruation. For some, these symptoms are mild. However, others may find them hard to manage. Understanding PMS causes and learning how to manage PMS can help improve daily life.
What is Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?
PMS is a common condition that affects women of childbearing age. It happens in the days leading up to a woman’s period. During this time, hormone levels in the body change. As a result, women may feel different both physically and emotionally. Not every woman will have PMS, but many do. Symptoms usually go away once the period starts.
Common Symptoms of PMS
PMS symptoms can vary from person to person. Some women may have only a few symptoms, while others may have many. Below are some common signs:
Causes and Risk Factors
PMS is mainly caused by changes in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. After ovulation, estrogen and progesterone levels drop. This shift can affect the brain and body. Some women are more sensitive to these changes. Other factors may also play a role. For example, stress, lack of exercise, and poor sleep can make symptoms worse. Family history may increase the risk as well. According to the CDC, PMS is not caused by one single factor, but a mix of body and lifestyle changes.
Diagnosis of PMS
Doctors diagnose PMS based on symptoms. There is no single test for PMS. Instead, you may be asked to keep a diary of your symptoms for two or three months. This helps your doctor see if symptoms follow a pattern. If symptoms are severe or do not improve, it is important to see a healthcare provider. Sometimes, other health problems can look like PMS. Your doctor may do tests to rule out other causes.
Treatment and Management
There are many ways to manage PMS. Often, simple lifestyle changes can help. Here are some tips:
Sometimes, over-the-counter pain relievers can ease headaches or cramps. In more severe cases, a doctor may suggest medicines like birth control pills or antidepressants. Always talk to your doctor before starting new treatments. The World Health Organization and CDC recommend a mix of self-care and medical advice for best results.
Prevention and Lifestyle Guidance
While PMS cannot always be prevented, healthy habits can reduce symptoms. Try to keep a regular sleep schedule. Eat small, frequent meals to avoid feeling too full or too hungry. Stay active, as exercise can boost mood and energy. If you notice certain foods or activities make symptoms worse, try to avoid them. Keeping a symptom diary can help you and your doctor find patterns. Most importantly, do not hesitate to seek help if PMS affects your daily life.
Consult a healthcare professional at Vasistiny for personalized advice on managing PMS.